Taxus chinensis (Yew), mhando yemiti yekare yakasiiwa mushure meQuaternary glacier, yakanyorwa semiti isingawanzo kutsakatika uye iri mungozi yepasi uye gumi pamusoro pemarudzi ari mungozi yekutsakatika. "plant giant panda".
Saka,
Se "fossil mhenyu yezvirimwa", ndezvipi zvinokonzeresa uye mashandisirwo eyew extract?
Yew, chirimwa cheTaxus cheTaxaceae.Pane marudzi gumi nerimwechete eyew pasi rose, akagoverwa munzvimbo dzinodziya kusvika kunzvimbo dzinopisa dzekuchamhembe kwehemisphere.Kune marudzi mana nemhando imwe kuChina, dzinoti, Chinese yew, yew yekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva, Yunnan yew. ,Maodzanyemba yew neTibet yew, ayo akagoverwa kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva, South China uye maodzanyemba akadziva kumadokero kweChina. kurapwa kwegomarara”.
Nhoroondo yekuvandudza ye paclitaxel:
Muna 1963, maAmerican chemist MCWani naMonre E. Wall vakatanga kupatsanura crude extract ye paclitaxel kubva pamakwati nehuni dzePacific yew, inokura mumasango ekumadokero kweUnited States. kuti crude extract of paclitaxel had high activity on mouse tumor cells in vitro, and started to excate this active component.Nekuda kwekushomeka kwakanyanya kweiyo inoshanda chimedu mumiti, hazvina kusvika 1971 kuti vakabatana naAndre t.McPhail. , purofesa wekemesitiri paDuke University kuti aone chimiro chemakemikari echinhu chinoshanda-tetracyclic diterpene musanganiswa, ndokuchitumidza kuti taxol.
Chii chinonzi paclitaxel?
Paclitaxel is a monomer diterpenoid yakatorwa kubva mumakwati e Natural Plant Taxus.Iyo yakaoma yechipiri metabolite.Iyo zvakare mushonga unozivikanwa kukurudzira microtubule polymerization uye kudzikamisa mapolymerized microtubules.Isotope tracing yakaratidza kuti paclitaxel yaingosungwa kune polymerized microtubules uye yakaita kwete kuita neunpolymerized tubulin dimers.Mushure mekubata paclitaxel, masero achaunganidza nhamba huru ye microtubules mumasero.Kuungana kwema microtubules aya kunokanganisa kushanda kwakasiyana-siyana kwemasero, kunyanya kunomisa kupatsanurwa kwesero mumitotic stage uye kunovhara kupatsanurwa kwesero.
Kushandiswa kwe paclitaxel:
1.Anticancer
Paclitaxel ndiyo yekutanga mutsara mushonga wegomarara reovarian uye gomarara rezamu repamusoro.The National Cancer administration yakatanga miedzo yekiriniki yevanhu kare muna 1983 kuti iedze kutyisa kwayo uye basa rekudzivirira kenza.
Paclitaxel inonyanya kushandiswa mugomarara reovarian uye kenza yemazamu kuburikidza neyechipiri-uye yechitatu yekiriniki yekudzidza.Iyo zvakare ine imwe mhedzisiro pakenza yemapapu, colorectal cancer, melanoma, musoro nemutsipa, lymphoma uye bundu rehuropi.
2.Antitumor
Paclitaxel ndiyo yekutanga kusarudzwa kwemishonga inorwisa bundu muzvipatara pasi rose.Inogona kukurudzira kuungana kwema microtubules nekusimudzira polymerization ye spindle tubulin subunits.Iyo anti-microtubule antitumor drug.
3.Kurapwa kwerheumatic arthritis
Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti taxol yakatenderwa neFDA yerheumatoid arthritis, uye paclitaxel gel gadziriro yepaclitaxel murheumatoid arthritis.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-21-2022